security: harden lazyworkhorse with firewall, fail2ban, SSH hardening

- Firewall (default deny):
  - Allow only essential ports: SSH(2424), Gitea(2222), HTTP(80), HTTPS(443)
  - Rate limit SSH (max 4 new connections/60s)
  - Rate limit HTTP/HTTPS (25/minute)
  - Drop invalid packets, log dropped packets

- Fail2ban (auto-ban attackers):
  - SSH jail: 3 strikes = 1 hour ban
  - HTTP auth failures: 5 strikes = 1 hour ban
  - HTTP scanning: 2 strikes = 2 hour ban
  - Recidive jail: repeat offenders = 1 week ban

- SSH hardening:
  - No root login
  - Max 3 auth tries, 5 sessions
  - 30s login grace time
  - No X11/TCP/agent forwarding
  - Verbose logging

- Kernel network hardening:
  - SYN flood protection (syncookies)
  - IP spoofing protection (rp_filter)
  - Disable source routing, redirects
  - Log martian packets
  - Connection tuning for high load

- Audit logging enabled

Ports commented for review (likely internal-only):
- 8000 (Portainer), 4242 (Coms), 5000/8087/8089 (TAK)
This commit is contained in:
2026-04-30 17:07:10 +00:00
parent 7efba3ac5b
commit 7994aad8d8
2 changed files with 242 additions and 1 deletions

View File

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
settings = {
PasswordAuthentication = false;
KbdInteractiveAuthentication = false;
PermitRootLogin = "prohibit-password";
# Additional hardening settings below in SERVER HARDENING section
};
hostKeys = [
{
@@ -308,6 +308,176 @@
# Or disable the firewall altogether.
# networking.firewall.enable = false;
# =============================================================================
# SERVER HARDENING - Firewall, Fail2ban, SSH, Kernel
# =============================================================================
# Firewall - default deny, explicit allow
networking.firewall = {
enable = true;
allowPing = true;
defaultAllow = false;
# Only essential ports exposed to internet
allowedTCPPorts = [
2424 # SSH (non-standard port)
2222 # Gitea (version control)
80 # HTTP (Traefik redirect)
443 # HTTPS (Traefik)
# 8000 # Portainer - REVIEW: internal only?
# 4242 # Coms - REVIEW: internal only?
# 5000 # TAK API - REVIEW: internal only?
# 8087 # TAK Connect - REVIEW: internal only?
# 8089 # TAK Management - REVIEW: internal only?
];
allowedUDPPorts = [
# Add UDP ports if required
];
# Rate limiting and attack prevention
extraCommands = ''
# Rate limit SSH connections (max 4 new connections per 60 seconds)
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2424 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 2424 -m state --state NEW -m recent --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 4 -j DROP
# Rate limit HTTP/HTTPS (protects Traefik)
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -m state --state NEW -m limit --limit 25/minute --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT
# Drop invalid packets
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
# Log dropped packets (rate limited)
iptables -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPTables-Dropped: " --log-level 4
'';
};
# Fail2ban - automatic IP banning
services.fail2ban = {
enable = true;
maxRetry = 3;
findtime = 600;
bantime = 3600;
banaction = "iptables-multiport";
# Ban repeat offenders for 1 week
recidive = {
enabled = true;
filter = "recidive";
logpath = "/var/log/fail2ban.log";
bantime = 604800;
findtime = 86400;
maxretry = 3;
};
jails = {
# SSH brute force protection
sshd = {
enabled = true;
filter = "sshd";
port = "2424";
logpath = "/var/log/auth.log";
maxretry = 3;
bantime = 3600;
};
# HTTP authentication failures
http-auth = {
enabled = true;
filter = "apache-auth";
port = "80,443";
logpath = "/var/log/traefik/access.log";
maxretry = 5;
bantime = 3600;
};
# HTTP scanning/attacks
http-botsearch = {
enabled = true;
filter = "apache-botsearch";
port = "80,443";
logpath = [ "/var/log/traefik/access.log" ];
maxretry = 2;
bantime = 7200;
};
};
};
# SSH hardening
services.openssh.settings = {
PermitRootLogin = "no";
MaxAuthTries = 3;
MaxSessions = 5;
LoginGraceTime = 30;
ClientAliveInterval = 300;
ClientAliveCountMax = 2;
PermitEmptyPasswords = "no";
ChallengeResponseAuthentication = "no";
UsePAM = true;
LogLevel = "VERBOSE";
X11Forwarding = false;
AllowTcpForwarding = "no";
AllowAgentForwarding = "no";
PermitTunnel = "no";
};
# Kernel network hardening
boot.kernel.sysctl = {
# IP Spoofing protection
"net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter" = 1;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter" = 1;
# Ignore ICMP broadcasts
"net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" = 1;
# Disable source routing
"net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route" = 0;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route" = 0;
"net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route" = 0;
"net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route" = 0;
# Disable redirects
"net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects" = 0;
# SYN flood protection
"net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies" = 1;
"net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog" = 2048;
"net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries" = 2;
"net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries" = 5;
# Log martian packets
"net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians" = 1;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians" = 1;
# Ignore redirects
"net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects" = 0;
"net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects" = 0;
# Connection tuning
"net.core.somaxconn" = 4096;
"net.core.netdev_max_backlog" = 65536;
"net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans" = 65536;
"net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout" = 15;
"net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time" = 300;
"net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes" = 5;
"net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl" = 15;
};
# Audit logging
services.auditd.enable = true;
# Fail2ban log directory
systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [
"d /var/log/fail2ban 0755 root root -"
"d /var/log/traefik 0755 root root -"
];
# Copy the NixOS configuration file and link it from the resulting system
# (/run/current-system/configuration.nix). This is useful in case you
# accidentally delete configuration.nix.